Chapter 6 | Morbidity and Health

Chapter 6: Morbidity and Health

Exercise 1

Table E6-1 shows the reported prevalence and incidence of HIV in the United States during 2022. Your task is to estimate the HIV prevalence and HIV incidence rate for each of the ages in the blank cells at the bottom of the table. Remember that prevalence is estimated for the entire population being at risk with those afflicted based on their age at the end of year, while incidence is estimated only for those who have not already had the disease with those afflicted based on their age upon infection.

Exercise 2

A past issue of a Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report carried this story:

On September 12 a 25-year-old Swedish male with progressive right arm and shoulder pain, nausea, vomiting, ataxia, anxiety, and dysphagia who had recently been traveling in South Asia was admitted to an emergency department in Stockholm for suspected rabies. A canine rabies virus variant was identified. The patient underwent an experimental treatment protocol but died on August 31.

Using the male life table for Sweden (Table E5-1), how many years of life were lost due to this single death?

YLL = __________

Exercise 3

A past issue of the Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report carried this story:

On March 23 the Pediatric Hospital in Luanda, Angola, reported 635 cases (39 deaths) of acute flaccid paralysis (AFP). Further investigation determined that these cases occurred primarily among children under age five not fully vaccinated for polio (Poliomyelitis).

a. For the cases that did not result in death, the estimated duration of poliomyelitis would be up to 58 years. (Let’s assume survivors lived this long.) Using a severity, or disability, of 0.24 (24% disabled), compute how many years lived with disability could have been caused by this outbreak.